In the research of experimental mechanics, reasonable point arrangement is a key link to obtain accurate experimental data and analyze the mechanical properties of the structure. The scientificity and rationality of point arrangement directly affect the authenticity and reliability of the experimental results, and therefore, it must be highly valued in the experimental design stage.



Firstly, the arrangement of points should be guided by the experimental objectives. Different experimental tasks determine different point distributions. For example, when measuring the bending stress of a beam, strain gauges should be arranged near the neutral layer of the beam and on the upper and lower surfaces to capture the maximum strain changes; while studying the vibration characteristics of the structure, acceleration sensors need to be arranged outside the mode nodal points of the structure to capture effective vibration responses.

　　Secondly, the selection of points should be combined with the structural stress characteristics and deformation laws. By conducting preliminary theoretical analysis or numerical simulation (such as finite element analysis) of the structure, it is possible to predict the stress concentration areas, the positions of the maximum deformation, and other information, thereby determining the key positions of the points. Generally speaking, stress concentration areas, boundary condition change points, and load application points are among the preferred locations for point arrangement.

　　In addition, the number and density of points also need to be reasonably controlled. Too few points may lead to information loss, making it difficult to reflect the overall mechanical behavior of the structure; while too many points will increase the experimental cost and the difficulty of data processing. Therefore, the number of points should be optimized as much as possible while ensuring experimental accuracy, adopting strategies such as stratified point arrangement or representative point arrangement to improve experimental efficiency.



Attention should also be paid to the mutual influence between points. For example, when using resistance strain gauges to measure strain, adjacent points should maintain a certain distance to avoid mutual interference and affect the measurement results. At the same time, the point arrangement should facilitate the installation of sensors and subsequent data collection, to avoid introducing human errors due to inconvenience in operation.



Finally, during the experiment, the point layout should be dynamically adjusted according to the actual measurement results. If some areas of the measurement data are found to be abnormal or not representative, it is necessary to supplement or adjust the points in time to ensure the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of the experimental data.



In summary, reasonable point arrangement is the foundation for the success of experimental mechanics. Only by fully understanding the structural stress characteristics and experimental objectives, combining theoretical analysis with practical experience, can scientific and efficient point arrangement be achieved, thereby obtaining accurate and reliable experimental results.