In the process of mechanical assembly, interference fit is a common connection method, which achieves a tight and gapless connection through the interference fit between the shaft and the hole, and is widely used in the assembly of components such as bearings, gears, and couplings. However, due to its inherent high assembly resistance, improper operation can easily lead to difficulties in assembly, part damage, and even equipment damage. Therefore, how to effectively avoid the difficulties of interference fit assembly is an issue that must be paid attention to in mechanical manufacturing and assembly.

　　Firstly, reasonably designing the interference fit is the foundation for avoiding assembly difficulties. The size of the interference fit directly affects the ease of assembly and the reliability of the connection. During the design, precise calculations should be made based on material properties, working temperature, load conditions, and other factors to select the appropriate interference fit tolerance band. Excessive interference can lead to difficulties in assembly and even plastic deformation of the parts; insufficient interference cannot meet the requirements for connection strength. Therefore, sufficient analysis and verification should be carried out in the design phase to avoid blind selection.

　　Secondly, adopting the appropriate assembly method is the key to solving the difficulties of interference fit assembly. Common assembly methods include insertion, heating, and cold assembly. Among them, heating assembly expands the包容件 through heating, thereby reducing the interference fit or even forming a gap, which facilitates smooth assembly; cold assembly cools the包容件 to make it shrink, thus achieving the purpose of reducing assembly resistance. These methods can effectively reduce assembly force, protect the surface of the parts from damage, and improve assembly efficiency.

　　Secondly, the use of appropriate lubricants can also alleviate assembly difficulties to some extent. During the insertion assembly process, applying special lubricants to the mating surface can effectively reduce the coefficient of friction, decrease the force required for assembly, and prevent surface abrasion and jamming. The selection of lubricants should consider their temperature resistance, compressive strength, and cleanliness to ensure assembly quality and reliability for subsequent use.



In addition, the selection of assembly equipment and tools should not be overlooked. The use of hydraulic press machines, pneumatic assembly equipment, or special tools can achieve uniform force application, avoiding bias loading or impact damage caused by manual operations. At the same time, real-time monitoring of parameters such as pressure and displacement during the assembly process helps to determine whether the assembly is proceeding normally and to promptly identify and handle abnormal situations.

　　Finally, strengthening the skill training of assembly personnel and managing standardized operation procedures is an important guarantee for ensuring assembly quality. Operators should be familiar with the basic principles, assembly methods, and precautions of interference fit, operate strictly in accordance with the process specifications, and prevent rough assembly and incorrect operations.



In summary, to avoid difficulties in assembly due to interference fit, it is necessary to take a comprehensive approach from multiple aspects such as design, materials, processes, tools, and personnel. Only by ensuring scientific and standardized procedures in all stages can the assembly process proceed smoothly, improve product quality, and enhance the reliability of equipment operation.