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How to reduce scale on hot-rolled sheet metal
Category：answer Publishing time：2025-12-26 20:51:34 Browse： Times
In the field of metal processing, hot-rolled sheet metal is widely used in various sheet metal processing due to its good strength and forming properties. However, during the hot rolling process, a layer of scale (also known as iron oxide layer) will form on the surface of the steel plate, which not only affects the quality of subsequent processing but may also have an adverse effect on the performance and appearance of the finished product. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the formation of scale on hot-rolled sheet metal during the production process has become a focus of many manufacturing enterprises.
One, the formation mechanism of scale
Scale mainly refers to the compounds such as FeO, Fe₃O₄, and Fe₂O₃ formed by the reaction between steel surface and oxygen in the air under high temperature conditions. During the hot rolling process, the temperature of steel is usually above 1000℃, at which time the surface is prone to oxidation, forming a multi-layered scale. This kind of scale is usually loose in texture, poor in adhesion, and easy to fall off, affecting the subsequent pickling, spraying, welding, and other processes.
Two, main measures for controlling scale
1. Optimize the heating process
Heating temperature and time are one of the key factors affecting the thickness of scale. Proper control of the heating furnace temperature, avoiding the long-term stay of steel at high temperature, can effectively reduce the occurrence of oxidation reactions. In addition, adopting rapid heating and furnace-out process also helps to slow down the formation speed of scale.
2. Improve the furnace atmosphere
In the heating furnace, by controlling the furnace atmosphere (such as using reducing gas or inert gas protection), the contact between the surface of the steel and oxygen can be significantly reduced, thereby inhibiting the formation of scale. For example, controlling the oxygen content by using gas-air mixed combustion or adopting nitrogen/hydrogen and other protective atmospheres can achieve a good anti-oxidation effect.
3. Surface coating protection
Under certain specific conditions, an antioxidant coating (such as anti-oxidation paint or lubricant) can be coated on the surface of steel to form a physical isolation layer to reduce direct contact between oxygen and the surface of the steel. This method is suitable for precision sheet metal parts with high surface quality requirements.
4. Rapid rolling technology
High-speed rolling technology and short process technology, such as hot rolling or controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology, can shorten the exposure time of steel in high-temperature state, thereby effectively reducing the amount of scale formation.
5. Optimization of subsequent treatment
Even if the formation of scale cannot be completely avoided during the hot rolling process, it can also be removed in time by the subsequent high-pressure water descaling process. The high-pressure water descaling system uses high-pressure water flow to impact the surface of the steel plate, removing loose scale to improve the quality of subsequent processing.
Three, Conclusion
In summary, to reduce the formation of scale on hot-rolled sheet metal during the production and processing process, it is necessary to start from multiple aspects such as heating technology, control of furnace atmosphere, surface protection, rolling speed, and subsequent treatment. Through scientific process control and advanced technical means, not only can the surface quality and processing efficiency of the product be improved, but also the cost of subsequent treatment can be reduced, bringing higher economic benefits to the enterprise. In the future, with the increasing environmental protection requirements and the development of intelligent manufacturing technology, scale control technology will also play a more important role in continuous progress.
In the field of metal processing, hot-rolled sheet metal is widely used in various sheet metal processing due to its good strength and forming properties. However, during the hot rolling process, a layer of scale (also known as iron oxide layer) will form on the surface of the steel plate, which not only affects the quality of subsequent processing but may also have an adverse effect on the performance and appearance of the finished product. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the formation of scale on hot-rolled sheet metal during the production process has become a focus of many manufacturing enterprises.
One, the formation mechanism of scale
Scale mainly refers to the compounds such as FeO, Fe₃O₄, and Fe₂O₃ formed by the reaction between steel surface and oxygen in the air under high temperature conditions. During the hot rolling process, the temperature of steel is usually above 1000℃, at which time the surface is prone to oxidation, forming a multi-layered scale. This kind of scale is usually loose in texture, poor in adhesion, and easy to fall off, affecting the subsequent pickling, spraying, welding, and other processes.
Two, main measures for controlling scale
1. Optimize the heating process
Heating temperature and time are one of the key factors affecting the thickness of scale. Proper control of the heating furnace temperature, avoiding the long-term stay of steel at high temperature, can effectively reduce the occurrence of oxidation reactions. In addition, adopting rapid heating and furnace-out process also helps to slow down the formation speed of scale.
2. Improve the furnace atmosphere
In the heating furnace, by controlling the furnace atmosphere (such as using reducing gas or inert gas protection), the contact between the surface of the steel and oxygen can be significantly reduced, thereby inhibiting the formation of scale. For example, controlling the oxygen content by using gas-air mixed combustion or adopting nitrogen/hydrogen and other protective atmospheres can achieve a good anti-oxidation effect.
3. Surface coating protection
Under certain specific conditions, an antioxidant coating (such as anti-oxidation paint or lubricant) can be coated on the surface of steel to form a physical isolation layer to reduce direct contact between oxygen and the surface of the steel. This method is suitable for precision sheet metal parts with high surface quality requirements.
4. Rapid rolling technology
High-speed rolling technology and short process technology, such as hot rolling or controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology, can shorten the exposure time of steel in high-temperature state, thereby effectively reducing the amount of scale formation.
5. Optimization of subsequent treatment
Even if the formation of scale cannot be completely avoided during the hot rolling process, it can also be removed in time by the subsequent high-pressure water descaling process. The high-pressure water descaling system uses high-pressure water flow to impact the surface of the steel plate, removing loose scale to improve the quality of subsequent processing.
Three, Conclusion
In summary, to reduce the formation of scale on hot-rolled sheet metal during the production and processing process, it is necessary to start from multiple aspects such as heating technology, control of furnace atmosphere, surface protection, rolling speed, and subsequent treatment. Through scientific process control and advanced technical means, not only can the surface quality and processing efficiency of the product be improved, but also the cost of subsequent treatment can be reduced, bringing higher economic benefits to the enterprise. In the future, with the increasing environmental protection requirements and the development of intelligent manufacturing technology, scale control technology will also play a more important role in continuous progress.
