With the rapid development of modern science and technology, optical measurement technology plays an increasingly important role in industrial inspection, biomedicine, aerospace, precision manufacturing, and other fields. Optical measurement, with its non-contact, high precision, and strong real-time performance, is widely used in various aspects such as geometric dimension measurement, surface topography analysis, and 3D reconstruction. However, how to further improve the accuracy of optical measurement remains an urgent problem to be solved in research and engineering practice.



Firstly, one of the key factors in improving the accuracy of optical measurement is to optimize the light source and optical system. High-quality light sources can provide stable and uniform illumination, reducing noise interference. At the same time, using high-performance lenses and filters can effectively suppress the influence of scattered light and environmental light, thereby improving image quality and contrast. In addition, the use of adaptive optical systems, such as deformable mirrors or wavefront correction technology, can compensate for aberrations in the optical system in real-time, significantly improving the resolution and stability of the measurement system.



Secondly, improving image processing algorithms is an important means to enhance measurement accuracy. Modern optical measurement usually relies on digital image processing technology for feature extraction and parameter calculation. By introducing high-precision edge detection algorithms (such as Canny operator, sub-pixel edge detection), image denoising technology (such as wavelet transform, non-local mean denoising), and deep learning methods, it is possible to more accurately identify target features, reduce the impact of human error and systematic error on the measurement results.



Furthermore, the control of environmental factors should not be overlooked. Factors such as temperature changes, air disturbances, and vibrations can cause instability in optical systems, thereby affecting the measurement results. Therefore, in high-precision optical measurement, it is best to conduct measurements in a constant temperature, humidity, and dust-free environment, and to use vibration isolation platforms to reduce external interference.



In addition, the application of multi-sensor fusion technology also provides a new idea for improving measurement accuracy. By combining optical measurement with other measurement methods (such as laser interferometry, contact probe, etc.) and utilizing multi-source data for cross-validation and data fusion, the reliability and accuracy of measurement can be enhanced on different scales and dimensions.



In summary, improving the accuracy of optical measurement requires starting from multiple aspects such as optical system design, image processing algorithm optimization, environmental control, and multi-source information fusion. In the future, with the development of artificial intelligence, quantum optics, and nanotechnology, optical measurement is expected to achieve greater breakthroughs in accuracy, providing stronger technical support for precision measurement needs in various fields.