Firstly, from the perspective of microstructure, graphite is a two-dimensional layered structure composed of carbon atoms. Each layer of carbon atoms is tightly bonded by covalent bonds, while the layers are connected by weaker van der Waals forces. This



Secondly, graphite has good chemical stability and can maintain its structural integrity even in high-temperature or corrosive environments. Unlike traditional lubricating oils, graphite does not volatilize or carbonize due to high temperature, nor does it react with most chemical substances, so it is suitable for lubrication needs under high temperature, high vacuum, or strong corrosive environments. For example, graphite is often used as a lubricant in spacecraft and nuclear reactors.



In addition, graphite also has good self-lubricating properties. During the friction process, a dense transfer film will form on the surface of graphite, adhering to the friction surface and playing a role in isolation and reducing friction. This self-lubricating characteristic allows graphite to achieve long-term stable lubrication without the need for additional lubricants.



It is worth noting that in order to further improve the lubricating properties of graphite, researchers often carry out modification treatments on it. For example, by doping other elements (such as fluorine, boron), nanomization treatment, or by using it in combination with other materials (such as molybdenum disulfide, polymers), thus enhancing its load-bearing capacity, reducing the friction coefficient, and improving its adaptability under different working conditions.



In summary, the reason why graphite can improve lubricity is mainly attributed to its layered structure, which brings low friction characteristics, excellent chemical stability, and self-lubricating ability. With the development of science and technology, the research on graphite and its composite materials is continuously deepening, and its application prospects in high-end manufacturing, new energy, environmental protection and other fields will be more extensive. In the future, as a green and efficient solid lubricating material, graphite is bound to play an increasingly important role in promoting the sustainable development of the industry.