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How to choose pressure-resistant materials in petrochemical industry
Category：answer Publishing time：2025-09-09 15:44:03 Browse： Times
In the petrochemical industry, equipment often faces extreme working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and corrosive media, so the correct selection of pressure-resistant materials is of vital importance for ensuring the safe operation of equipment, extending its service life, and preventing accidents. This article will discuss the selection methods of pressure-resistant materials in the petrochemical industry from aspects such as material performance requirements, selection principles, and common material types.
One, Basic performance requirements for pressure-resistant materials
During the operation of petrochemical equipment, it often withstands high pressure and temperature, and may also come into contact with strong corrosive media such as acids, alkalis, and sulfides. Therefore, the selected materials must have the following basic properties:
1. Sufficient strength and toughness: Under high temperature and high pressure conditions, it can still maintain structural stability and prevent leakage or explosion caused by material failure.
2. Good corrosion resistance: Capable of resisting the chemical erosion of media, especially in environments containing sulfur, chlorine, and other substances.
3. High-temperature resistance and creep resistance: Long-term use under high temperature conditions is not prone to deformation or failure.
4. Good welding and processing properties: Easy to manufacture and maintain, reducing construction difficulty and cost.
Two, Principles of selecting pressure-resistant materials
In actual engineering, the following selection principles should be considered comprehensively based on specific process conditions, medium properties, operating temperature and pressure, and other factors:
1. Principle of matching process conditions: Select the corresponding grade of material according to the working conditions of the equipment, for example, carbon steel can be selected in normal temperature and low pressure environments, while high temperature and high pressure requires the selection of alloy steel or stainless steel.
2. Principle of economy and practicality: Under the premise of meeting the requirements of use, try to select materials with high cost-performance to control costs.
3. Manufacturability and maintainability principles: Prioritize the selection of materials that are easy to process, weld, and inspect.
4. Standardization and specification compliance principles: The selection of materials should comply with national or industry standards, such as GB, ASME, ASTM, and other standards.
Three, Common pressure-resistant materials and their application environments
1. Carbon steel (such as No. 20 steel, Q345): Suitable for general corrosion environments and medium and low temperature, medium and low pressure working conditions, widely used in equipment such as pipelines and storage tanks.
2. Low-alloy steel (such as 16Mn, Cr5Mo): With higher strength and heat resistance, suitable for high temperature and high pressure equipment, such as reactors, heating furnaces, and other components.
3. Stainless steel (such as 304L, 316L): With excellent corrosion resistance, suitable for environments containing chloride ions, acidic and alkaline media.
4. Duplex stainless steel and nickel-based alloys: Used in extreme corrosion environments, such as equipment for processing high sulfur crude oil.
5. Non-metallic materials (such as glass fiber reinforced plastics, plastic lining): Used in environments with strong corrosion but low temperature and pressure.
Four, Conclusion
In summary, the selection of pressure-resistant materials in the petrochemical industry is not only related to the normal operation of equipment, but also directly affects the safety and economy of the entire production system. Designers should fully understand the process conditions, combine material properties and standard specifications, and scientifically and reasonably select materials to ensure the long-term stable operation of equipment under complex working conditions. At the same time, with the development of new material technology, more high-performance materials will be applied to this field in the future, providing a safer and more reliable guarantee for the petrochemical industry.
In the petrochemical industry, equipment often faces extreme working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and corrosive media, so the correct selection of pressure-resistant materials is of vital importance for ensuring the safe operation of equipment, extending its service life, and preventing accidents. This article will discuss the selection methods of pressure-resistant materials in the petrochemical industry from aspects such as material performance requirements, selection principles, and common material types.
One, Basic performance requirements for pressure-resistant materials
During the operation of petrochemical equipment, it often withstands high pressure and temperature, and may also come into contact with strong corrosive media such as acids, alkalis, and sulfides. Therefore, the selected materials must have the following basic properties:
1. Sufficient strength and toughness: Under high temperature and high pressure conditions, it can still maintain structural stability and prevent leakage or explosion caused by material failure.
2. Good corrosion resistance: Capable of resisting the chemical erosion of media, especially in environments containing sulfur, chlorine, and other substances.
3. High-temperature resistance and creep resistance: Long-term use under high temperature conditions is not prone to deformation or failure.
4. Good welding and processing properties: Easy to manufacture and maintain, reducing construction difficulty and cost.
Two, Principles of selecting pressure-resistant materials
In actual engineering, the following selection principles should be considered comprehensively based on specific process conditions, medium properties, operating temperature and pressure, and other factors:
1. Principle of matching process conditions: Select the corresponding grade of material according to the working conditions of the equipment, for example, carbon steel can be selected in normal temperature and low pressure environments, while high temperature and high pressure requires the selection of alloy steel or stainless steel.
2. Principle of economy and practicality: Under the premise of meeting the requirements of use, try to select materials with high cost-performance to control costs.
3. Manufacturability and maintainability principles: Prioritize the selection of materials that are easy to process, weld, and inspect.
4. Standardization and specification compliance principles: The selection of materials should comply with national or industry standards, such as GB, ASME, ASTM, and other standards.
Three, Common pressure-resistant materials and their application environments
1. Carbon steel (such as No. 20 steel, Q345): Suitable for general corrosion environments and medium and low temperature, medium and low pressure working conditions, widely used in equipment such as pipelines and storage tanks.
2. Low-alloy steel (such as 16Mn, Cr5Mo): With higher strength and heat resistance, suitable for high temperature and high pressure equipment, such as reactors, heating furnaces, and other components.
3. Stainless steel (such as 304L, 316L): With excellent corrosion resistance, suitable for environments containing chloride ions, acidic and alkaline media.
4. Duplex stainless steel and nickel-based alloys: Used in extreme corrosion environments, such as equipment for processing high sulfur crude oil.
5. Non-metallic materials (such as glass fiber reinforced plastics, plastic lining): Used in environments with strong corrosion but low temperature and pressure.
Four, Conclusion
In summary, the selection of pressure-resistant materials in the petrochemical industry is not only related to the normal operation of equipment, but also directly affects the safety and economy of the entire production system. Designers should fully understand the process conditions, combine material properties and standard specifications, and scientifically and reasonably select materials to ensure the long-term stable operation of equipment under complex working conditions. At the same time, with the development of new material technology, more high-performance materials will be applied to this field in the future, providing a safer and more reliable guarantee for the petrochemical industry.
