Firstly, the selection of cutting fluid should be based on the type of processing material. Different materials have different heat generation, cutting resistance, and wear conditions during the cutting process. For example, water-based cutting fluids or emulsions are often used in the processing of cast iron to enhance the cooling effect and reduce dust accumulation; while for difficult-to-cut materials such as stainless steel, it is advisable to choose oil-based cutting fluids with good lubricating properties or products with extreme pressure additives to reduce the coefficient of friction and improve the surface finish.

　　Secondly, it is necessary to consider the type and requirements of the processing technology. In rough processing, the cutting force is large and the heat is high, so it is preferable to use water-based cutting fluids with strong cooling performance; in precision processing, more attention is paid to surface quality and dimensional accuracy, so it is necessary to choose oil-based cutting fluids with excellent lubricating properties; for deep hole processing such as drilling and tapping, the penetration and chip removal performance of the cutting fluid also need to be considered, and it is usually more appropriate to use synthetic cutting fluids with extreme pressure performance.



Again, the type of machine tool and processing conditions are also factors that affect the selection. CNC machine tools and automatic line equipment have higher requirements for the filtration and stability of cutting fluids to avoid clogging or corrosion; under high-speed cutting conditions, cutting fluids with good cooling effect and low atomization performance should be selected; and when using hard alloy tools, due to their good high-temperature resistance, the cooling intensity can be appropriately reduced, but the requirement for lubricity is still high.



In addition, environmental protection and health and safety factors should not be overlooked. In recent years, with the increasingly strict industrial environmental protection regulations, more and more enterprises tend to use environmentally friendly cutting fluids with low oil mist and low toxicity. At the same time, the health protection of operators should also be given attention, and it should be avoided to use products containing chlorinated additives or heavy metal components as much as possible.



Finally, it is also necessary to consider the cost factor. Although high-performance cutting fluids are more expensive, they have significant advantages in improving processing efficiency and extending tool life, which may reduce the overall cost in the long run. Enterprises should choose cutting fluid products with high cost-performance based on their own production conditions and budget.



In summary, the selection of cutting fluid is a systematic project, involving multiple aspects such as materials, processes, equipment, and environment. Only by fully understanding the processing requirements and characteristics of cutting fluids can a scientific and reasonable choice be made, thus achieving the goal of efficient, economic, and safe mechanical processing.